Jacquard loom and carpet fabric produced thereby



Dec. 3, 1935. w, HALL 2,023,016

JACQUARD LOOM AND CARPET FABRIC PRODUCED THEREBY Filed Nov. 2, 1952 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 r 2 5% 75', load l 7;; BaarZ f L S 51m Trap 79041-57 f I 4 w agyg z am LL Dec. 3, 1935.

w. HALL 2,023,016

JACQUARD LOOM AND CARPET FABRIC PRODUCED THEREBY Filed NOV. 2, 1932 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 JACQUARD LOOM AND CARPET FABRIC PRODUCED THEREBY Filed Nov. 2, 1932 4 Sheets-Sheet s Q5 5 I 0 6 a" g Dec. 3, 1935. W HALL 2,023,01

JACQUARD LOOM AND CARPET FABRIC PRODUCED THEREBY Filed Nov. 2, 1932 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Patented Dec. 3, 1935 PATENT OFFICE JACQUARD LOOM AND CARPET FABRIC PRODUCED THEREBY Walter Hall, Worcester, Mass, assignor to M. J. Whittall Associates, Ltd., Worcester, Mass, a voluntary association of Massachusetts Application November 2, 1932, Serial No. 640,841

5 Claims.

This invention relates to Jacquard looms used in weaving pile carpet of the Wilton type.

It is the general object of my invention to provide certain improvements in a Jacquard carpet loom, by the operation of which the design of a figured Wilton carpet may be clearly reproduced at the back thereof.

A further object of the invention is to provide improved mechanism in a Jacquard carpet loom by which the pattern yarns or lash of one pick will be caused to appear at the back of the fabric on the next succeeding pick and without the employment of additional pattern cards.

My invention further relates to a new and. improved three-shot carpet weave of the general Wilton type and to certain arrangements and combinations of parts which will be hereinafter described and more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

A preferred form of the invention is shown in the drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic side elevation of parts of a Jacquard carpet loom embodying my improvements;

Figs. 2 and 3 are enlarged side elevations, partly in section, showing certain parts of the structure of Fig. l in different operating positions;

Figs. 4 and 5 are partial plan views of the upper and lower trap boards respectively;

Figs. 6, 7 and 8 are diagrammatic sectional side elevations showing the relations of the warps on successive picks;

Fig. 9 is a side elevation of mechanism for actuating the lower trap board;

10 is a rear view thereof, looking in the direction of the arrow It! in Fig. 9;

Fig. 11 is a side elevation of mechanism for actuating the upper trap board, and

Fig. 12 is a detail longitudinal sectional view of a carpet fabric adapted to be woven on my improved loom.

For commercial reasons it is at present extremely desirable that the figure or pattern appearing on the face of a pile carpet fabric shall also appear at the back of the fabric, but it has previously been impossible to produce this result in a Wilton type carpet without providing two pattern cards for every row of pile tufts, thus doubling the length and cost of the pattern chain. By the use of my improved loom mechanism, I am able to produce the three-shot Wilton carpet fabric shown in Fig. 12, while using only a single pattern card for each row of pile tufts.

Briefly described, my improved Wilton carpet fabric comprises binder warps b and b (Fig. 12)

pile yarns Y and filling shots J" and f together with the usual stuffer warps S. After each crossing of the binder warps b and b, selected pattern yarns Y forming the lash are raised to form loops over a pile wire W, and a filling shot f is then inserted. The selected pile yarns Y are then sunk completely through the fabric to the back side thereof, and a second filling shot ,1" is inserted below the inactive warp yarns Y but above the pattern yarns Y. A third filling shot f is then inserted above all of the pile yarns Y or Y, after which the binder warps b and b are crossed and the cycle is repeated.

It thus appears that the yarns Y which form the pattern or pile tufts on one pick appear as loops under the filling f at the back of the fabric on the next pick, thus clearly reproducing the design on the back of the fabric.

Having described my improved carpet fabric, I will now describe my improved loom structure by which such a fabric may be conveniently and economically produced.

In Fig. 1 I have shown diagrammatically the essential parts of a Jacquard loom of a type commonly used in the production of Wilton carpet. I have indicated a lay 2b, a plurality of jacquard cords 2 l, a plurality of pattern needles 22, harness heddles 23 for the stulfer and binder warps, weights 24 for the jacquard cords, a fixed lower or comber board 25, a fixed guide or spring board 26, and a fixed top board 21, all of these parts being of the usual construction.

I also provide an upper trap board 3!! and a lower trap board 3!, together with suitable mechanism for raising and lowering said boards. The construction of the trap boards 30 and 3| is best shown in Figs. 2 to 5, in which it appears that each trap board consists of a horizontally disposed board having longitudinal rows of openings therein, each opening consisting of a circular portion at one end and a narrow or slotted portion at the other end, as clearly shown in Figs. 4 and 5.

It also appears from Figs. 4 and 5 that the openings 32 in the upper trap board 3!! are positioned reversely from the openings 33 in the trap board 3! but that each trap board has an additional row of openings 34 (Fig. 4) and 34 (Fig. 5) which are not reversed, and are reserved for the selvage warps.

Suitable mechanism is provided for actuating the Jacquard needles, the heddles, the lay, and the upper and lower trap boards, all in predetermined timed relation. The mechanism for actuating the needles, the heddles and the lay are of the usual type and are not shown in detail herein,

as no part of the present invention relates thereto.

The mechanism for actuating the upper trap board 39 is shown in Fig. 11 and comprises lifter rods is depending from the ends of a trap board 38, said rods being pivotally connected at their lower ends to levers 4| actuated by cams 42 through cam rolls 43, cam levers 44 and links 45.

The cams 42 are mounted on a cam shaft 46 in the lower part of the loom and make one revolution for each three picks of the loom, when weaving a three-shot fabric. With this actuating mechanism it will be clear that the upper trap board so is raised once during each three-shot cycle of the loom and that the trap-board 30 remains in lowered position during the remainder of each cycle.

In Figs. 9 and 10 I have shown mechanism for actuating the lower trap board 3|, which is mounted on supports 60 depending from an open frame member 62. The member 62 is secured by brackets E53 and rods 64 to cross bars 65 at the upper ends of lifter rods 66. The rods 66 are actuated by cam levers 6'! pivoted at 68 and each having a roll 69 engaging a. cam 10 on the cam shaft 45 previously described.

The cams 52 and Hi are angularly disposed with respect to each other, so that the upper and lower trap boards may be actuated in a desired sequence.

Plates F2 are secured to the ends of the frame 652 and are provided with studs 13 projecting into slotted cam openings 14 in cam members 15 mounted in fixed position on the loom frame.

Having described the distinguishing mechani-- cal features of my improved Jacquard carpet The corresponding position of the loom parts is shown in Fig. 1, with both the upper and lower trap boards 30 and 3| in their lowest positions. While in this position, selected Jacquard needles 22 are pushed to the right as viewed in Figs. 1 and 2, so that the Jacquard cords 2| (Fig. 2) which have been selected to form the pattern will be pushed to the right, at the same time carrying with them the associated Jacquard cords 2| in the extreme right-hand series of cords.

This will cause the upper portion of the selected cords 2 l to be moved to the right into the slotted parts of the corresponding trap board openings 32 in the upper trap board 30. The selected cords 2 i will be simultaneously moved to the right but as the openings 34 in the board 30 are reversed, this movement will carry the cords 2 i to the open or circular ends of the openings.

The upper trap board is then raised by its cam 42 to the position indicated in Fig. 2, thus raising selected pile yarns Y to form the upper set of warp threads indicated in Fig. '7. At the same time, the binder warps b and b are crossed, and the stuffer warps S are raised, so that the binder warps b and stuffer warps S form an intermediate set of warp threads, and the inactive pile yarns Y and lower pile warps 11 form the lower set of warp threads. 7

A pile wire W is then inserted between the upper and intermediate sets of warp threads, and a filling shot I is inserted between the intermediate and lower sets of warpthreads, all as indicated in Fig. '7. The cams 42 and 10 then operate 7 to raise the lower trap board 3| and to return the upper trap board 30 to its initial or lowered position, as shown in Fig. 3.

As the needles 22 are quite near the initial position of the upper trap board 39 and relatively remote from the initial position of the lower trap board 3|, the shifting of the needles to the right does not cause the cords 2| a and 2| to clear the left-hand portions of the lower trap board openings 33 and 34 Consequently the lower parts of all of the cords are still positioned in the narrow left-hand slotted portions of the lower trap board openings, and'all of the cords except the selected pattern cords 2W are lifted by the lower trap board as indicated in Fig. 3.

At this time, however, the lower knot K in each selected pattern cord 2 l is in the raised position indicated in Fig. 2, so that during the initial upward movement of the lower trap board, the selected cords 2| pass freely through the slots in their corresponding openings 33.

As the lower trap board 3| rises, the fixed cam members 15 come into action and the lower trap board 3| is shifted in the direction of the arrow 0. in Figs. 2 and 9. This rearward shifting is completed before the full downward movement of the upper trap board takes place, so that when the lower knots K in the selected cords have descended far enough to meet the rising trap board 3|, they are positioned in and pass freely through the open circular ends of the openings 33, as indicatedin Fig. 3. Consequently it results that all of the selected pattern yarns Y, which were raised and looped over the pile wire W, are now sunk through the fabric to the lower set of warp threads, along with the binder warps b, as indicated in Fig. 8, while all of the remaining pile yarns Y are raised to form with the binder warps b and the stuffer warps S the upper set of warp threads.

Another filling shot f is then inserted, completing the three-shot cycle, after which the lower trap board 3| is returned to the initial lowered position shown in Fig. 1, while at the same time the binder warps are again crossed and the stuffer warps are lowered, restoring all of the warp threads to the initial position indicated in Fig. 6, whereupon another filling shot i is inserted and the cycle is repeated.

Fromthis description it will appear that without any change in the position of the Jacquard needles, the trap boards 30 and 3| are so manipulated that the selected pattern yarns Y are first raised to form pile loops over the wire W and that on the succeeding pick the pattern yarns Y only are sunk and looped over a filling shot f at the back of the fabric, thus reproducing the design at the back on the next succeeding pick after the formation of the corresponding pile loops.

All of these operations take place between pattern card changes and while a single pattern card is in control of the Jacquard needles. Consequently no extra cards are required and the pattern chain is of usual and normal length. It is of great importance that no change is required in the punching of the pattern cards, and that the pattern chain used in weaving an ordinary Wilton fabric may be used without change with my improved mechanism to weave a fabric showing the design on the back.

The use of stuffer warps is obviously optional and they may be omitted without change in the patentable aspects of my invention.

Having thus described my invention and the advantages thereof, I do not wish to be limited to the details herein disclosed, otherwise than as set forth in the claims, but what I claim is:

1. In a Jacquard carpet loom having a plurality of cords and needles and pattern cards controlling said needles, in combination, an upper trap board, a lower trap board, means for giving said boards different vertical movements in definite timed relation, and means for giving one of said trap boards an additional horizontal movement.

2. In a Jacquard carpet loom having a plurality of cords and needles and pattern cards controlling said needles, in combination, an upper trap board, a lower trap board, means for giving said boards different vertical movements in definite timed relation, and means for giving said lower trap board an additional horizontal movement.

3. In a Jacquard carpet loom having a plurality of cords and needles and pattern cards controlling said needles, in combination, an upper trap board, a lower trap board, means for giving said boards different vertical movements in definite timed relation, and fixed cam members co-acting with said lower trap board and giving said board additional horizontal movements as said board is raised and lowered.

4. In a Jacquard carpet loom having a plurality of cords with spaced upper and lower knots, needles and pattern cards controlling said needles, in combination, an upper movable trap board, a lower movable trap board, said trap boards being disposed respectively above and below said needles and one of said boards being positioned substantially nearer to said needles when the boards are in lowered position, whereby movement of a selected needle will cause substantial transverse shifting of its associated cord with respect to the nearer trap board to efiect a change in operative relation between said cord and the corresponding opening in said trap board and will cause only negligible transverse shifting of said cord with respect to the second and more remote trap board and without efiecting am nearer trap board and through the narrow portion of the corresponding opening in the more remote trap board.

5. In a Jacquard carpet loom having a plurality of cords with spaced upper and lower knots, needles and pattern cards controlling said needles,

in combination, an upper movable trap board, a lower movable trap board, said trap boards being disposed respectively above and below said needles and one of said boards being positioned substantially nearer to said needles when the boards are in lowered position, whereby movement of a selected needle will cause substantial transverse shifting of its associated cord with respect to the nearer trap board to effect a change in operative relation between said cord and the corresponding opening in said trap board and will cause only negligible transverse shifting of said cord with respect to the second and more remote trap board and without effecting any change in the operative relation between said cord and the corresponding opening in said second trap board, and means for giving said boards independent vertical movements in definite timed relation, said boards having a plurality of rows of openings therein for said cords, each opening having a wide and a narrow portion, the openings in one corresponding edge row of both boards being similarly positioned and controlling the selvage warps, and the openings in the remaining rows being reversely arranged in said trap boards and being positioned in said trap boards so that each cord normally extends through the wide portion of the corresponding opening in the nearer trap board and through the narrow portion of the corresponding opening in the more remote trap board.

WALTER HALL. 

